andunix.net

Cleanup Packages

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-04-28T09:01:22+00:00

Cleanup Packages Purge uninstalled Packages If a package is removed, it is only uninstalled, but the configuration remains on the system. This is a good thing, as you are able to reinstall the package and have it configured with the old configuration. But if you want to cleanup this old stuff, you can ge a list of uninstalled (but not purged) packages with this command:

VBoxManage (The VirtualBox CLI)

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-02-22T13:16:38+00:00

VBoxManage (The VirtualBox CLI) This is a online reference of the output of VBoxManage without options. Oracle VM VirtualBox Command Line Management Interface Version 4.2.16 (C) 2005-2013 Oracle Corporation All rights reserved. Usage: VBoxManage []

Shadows

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-07-11T06:39:41+00:00

Shadows Box Shadow Normal Shadow Only the shadow: box-shadow: 1px 4px 8px #888888; Looks even better with a tiny grey border: border: 1px solid #DDDDDD; box-shadow: 1px 4px 8px #888888; Inset Shadow The shadow inside the box: box-shadow: 1px 4px 8px #888888 inset;

root login with bash

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:35+00:00

root login with bash On our systems, the root account is set to be a role, so you can't login as root, just su to root from an user which has the root role. Also, the root user has the bourne shell (/bin/sh), but working with /bin/bash is much easier. Using this command, you can directly log in as

Debug Server Certificate from Client

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-04-28T08:07:54+00:00

Debug Server Certificate from Client Credit for this example goes to “ Checking A Remote Certificate Chain With OpenSSL” from langui.sh. openssl s_client -showcerts -connect www.andunix.net:443 Informations about the used arguments from the OpenSSL man page: * s_client: SSL/TLS client program * -showcerts: display the whole server certificate chain: normally only the server certificate itself is displayed.

localeadm

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-01T20:58:12+00:00

localeadm The localeadm utility queries and configures Solaris locales through a command line interface. * man page: localeadm(1M) Preparation Check your Solaris Release with cat /etc/release and get a matching DVD or ISO image. If you're using an ISO image, you have to mount it (insert your path in the first line.

SSH

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-30T12:09:18+00:00

SSH SSH with Public Key Authentication only /etc/ssh/sshd_config Make sure that your SSH config file (sshd_config) contains these settings: PubkeyAuthentication yes PasswordAuthentication no If you changed the config, make sure to restart sshd to activate ist:

Compare directories

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-09-19T12:34:39+00:00

Compare directories For each of the directories, generate a digest file: find DIR -type f -exec shasum {} + | LC_ALL=C sort -d -k 2 > shasums.txt It's important to use LC_ALL=C and the option -d of sort, to get compareable results on different machines.

Virtual Network Visualization

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:36+00:00

Virtual Network Visualization OpenSolaris supports virtual networks using virtual interfaces connected with virtual switches. This feature was introduced with Project Crossbow in OpenSolaris 2009.06. To visualize the internal network(s), I created a perl script which takes the output of

DynDNS Updates without a Client

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:34+00:00

DynDNS Updates without a Client My new hosting provide Strato offers DynDNS. I was searching for a DynDNS client for my OpenSolaris Home Server, but a small bash script does the job as good as any other client. #! /bin/bash . ${HOME}/.dyndns.cfg DOMAINS=$(cat ${HOME}/.dyndns.domains) echo "$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M') $(basename $0)" for domain in ${DOMAINS}; do echo -n " ${domain} - " curl --silent --show-error --insecure --user ${LOGIN} "${UPDATE_URL}?hostname=${domain}" d…

Shell Script Variables

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-10-23T12:39:10+00:00

Shell Script Variables Last Character Get the last character of $a: ${a: -1} Remove Slash from the End of a Variable Remove a trailing slash from $a: a=${a%/} scripting bash sysadmin variable

fstyp

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:37+00:00

fstyp fstyp reports the type of file system. With the -v (verbose) option reports even more informations. * man page: fstyp(1M) Example UFS: ''fstyp'' fstyp /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0 ufs UFS: ''fstyp -v'' fstyp -v /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0 ufs magic 11954 format dynamic time Wed Dec 23 17:26:29 2009 sblkno 16 cblkno 24 iblkno 32 dblkno 760 sbsize 2048 cgsize 8192 cgoffset 64 cgmask 0xffffffc0 ncg 427 size 20972160 blocks 20654449 bsize 819…

Increase the Tomcat Upload Limit

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-01-04T09:33:36+00:00

Increase the Tomcat Upload Limit The “manager”-App of the Tomcats has a limit of 50MiB. This limit is defined in the file WEB-INF/web.xml within the “manager”-App:

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Oracle: SPFile and PFiles

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-01T20:36:05+00:00

Oracle: SPFile and PFiles Oracle reads its parameters from a file called “SPFile”. You can't change it directly as it's a binary file. Additionally, Oracle can read the parameters from “PFiles”, which are regular text files. Create PFile To export the SPFiles to a PFile, just enter the following in SQLplus:

Firefox Extensions

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-09-02T20:37:01+00:00

Firefox Extensions Browsing Extensions Extension Description Adblock Plus A must-have. Blocks all these blinking ads which are so anoying. Greasemonkey Customize webpages using JavaScript. WOT, Web of Trust Information about the reputation of a page. Self-Destructing Cookies Removes cookies after closing the tab or navigating to another site.

Git

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2018-12-06T10:07:22+00:00

Git Basics Init Repository Standard: git init [DIR] Bare: git init --bare [DIR] Log See commits between branches: git log master..develop Branches List Branches git branch Switch Branch git checkout BRANCH Delete Branch git branch -d BRANCH Delete Remote Branch

rmdir for OSX

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-25T09:43:44+00:00

rmdir for OSX The Finder on OSX creates .DS_Store files in the directories to store its settings. This makes removing directories from the command line quite complicated: $ rmdir test rmdir: test: Directory not empty $ rm test/.DS_Store $ /bin/rmdir test

Android Backup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-04-24T12:11:00+00:00

Android Backup To backup your device, use this command. It will automatically insert the current date in the filename: adb backup -apk -shared -all -f $(date '+%Y-%m-%d').db If you are havong problems with the connection (“adb: unable to connect for backup

MacPorts

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-25T08:59:36+00:00

MacPorts List Ports list requested ports: port echo requested | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | uniq list installed ports: port -qv installed Housekeeping When ports are updated, the old port is only deactivated, not uninstalled: ... autoconf @2.69_2 autoconf @2.69_3 autoconf @2.69_5 ...

Disable a Service

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-10-01T19:54:34+00:00

Disable a Service To disable a service: service stop update-rc.d enable|disable With systemd (starting with Debian 8): systemctl disable To (re)enable a service: update-rc.d enable|disable service stop

Setting the Timezone

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-08T10:45:00+00:00

Setting the Timezone The timezone is stored in the file /etc/timezone. Check the Timezone cat /etc/timezone Example: # cat /etc/timezone Europe/London Set the Timezone You can use vi: vi /etc/timezone Or set it directy: echo "Europe/Berlin" > /etc/timezone

List Open Ports

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2017-04-13T20:11:34+00:00

List Open Ports To list the open ports together with the listening processes: netstat -tulpn Here is an example output: Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 695/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 695/sshd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:55872 …

MySQL: Backup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:25+00:00

MySQL: Backup Export a Database # set or replace the variables $USER, $PASS and $DB mysqldump --add-drop-table -u${USER} -p${PASS} ${DB} Export all Databases individually # set or replace the variables $USER and $PASS DATE_YMD=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d") DATABASES=$(mysql --batch -u${USER} -p${PASS} mysql --execute='show databases') for db in ${DATABASES} do mysqldump --add-drop-table -u${USER} -p${PASS} ${DB} > ${DB}_${DATE_YMD}.sql & bzip2 ${DB}_${DATE_YMD}.sql & # sleep 10 # option…

SSH

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-14T13:15:34+00:00

SSH Export public key from secret key The public key andunix.pub which belongs to the secret key andunix is extracted. ssh-keygen -y -f andunix > andunix.pub security cryptography ssh sysadmin

Oracle: Recovery Manager

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-01T20:24:52+00:00

Oracle: Recovery Manager Start Recovery Manager rman target / Delete Archive Logs Delete all archive logs but keep the last 45 days: DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE -45'; To remove archive logs older than 3 days without prompting, e.g. via cron, after backup run:

Command Line Audio

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-10T21:06:49+00:00

Command Line Audio Change Mac Audio Volume from Command Line To change the audio volume from remote of my Mac at home, I needed a command line tool which I can use via ssh. I've found it here: OS X Daily - Change the system volume from the command line. It's as easy as sudo osascript -e "set Volume 10"

Download a Server Certificate

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-02-11T14:42:38+00:00

Download a Server Certificate First, load the certificate chain from the server: openssl s_client -showcerts -connect www.example.org:443

MySQL: View Permissions

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:26+00:00

MySQL: View Permissions View Permissions SHOW PRIVILEGES; SHOW GRANTS FOR '{user}'@'%'; admin database mysql sql

File System

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:36+00:00

File System File System Organization * File system organization - filesystem(5) File Systems This is a non-complete list of file systems in Solaris. * hsfs(7FS): High Sierra & ISO 9660 CD-ROM file system * lofs(7FS): loopback virtual file system * pcfs(7FS): FAT formatted file system

Change Encoding with iconv

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:34+00:00

Change Encoding with iconv Convert Single File iconv -f iso-8859-1 -t utf-8 -o OUTPUT.txt INPUT.txt Converts INPUT.txt from iso-8859-1 to utf-8 and writes it to OUTPUT.txt. Convert All Files in a Directory for f in $(find . -type f) do iconv -f iso-8859-1 -t utf-8 -o ${f}_$$_TEMP ${f} \ && mv ${f}_$$_TEMP ${f} done

MySQL: Change Password

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-12-17T09:09:25+00:00

MySQL: Change Password * Replace {passwd} with the password of the user. * Replace {user} with the name of the user. GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO '{user}'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '{passwd}'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Or you can alternatively use the following: UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('{passwd}') WHERE User='{user}'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Clear DNS Cache

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-04-05T06:49:10+00:00

Clear DNS Cache To clear the DNS cache on OS X, you first have to flush the cache and then send a signal the the 'mDNSResponder'. dscacheutil -flushcache sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder mac osx sysadmin dns cache cli

Oracle Errors

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-01T20:43:34+00:00

Oracle Errors ORA-00257: archiver error. Connect internal only, until freed. * Reason: The flash recovery area is full. * Resolution: Remove archive logs. * Resolution: Enlarge the flash recovery area. * Documentation: 10.2 11.2 database documentation error oracle reference

Print Information about a Key

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-01-29T09:15:22+00:00

Print Information about a Key openssl x509 -inform DER -in testkey.cer -noout -text Informations about the used arguments from the OpenSSL man page: * x509: Certificate display and signing utility. * -inform DER: This specifies the input format normally the command will expect an X509 certificate but this can change if other options such as -req are present. The DER format is the DER encoding of the certificate and PEM is the base64 encoding of the DER encoding with header and footer lines …

Command Line Tools Used in My Scripts

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:35+00:00

Command Line Tools Used in My Scripts This is a list of comman dline tools which I use in my scripts an which should be installed on every of my systems. Basic tools (e.g. awk, find, grep, ps) which are always installed are not listed. Audio/Video

Print Information about a Certificate

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-12-09T07:36:40+00:00

Print Information about a Certificate openssl x509 -in testkey.crt -noout -text Informations about the used arguments from the OpenSSL man page: * x509: Certificate display and signing utility. * -in testkey.crt: This specifies the input filename to read a certificate from or standard input if this option is not specified.

Plaintext

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-04T22:17:20+00:00

Plaintext The plaintext is unencrypted and unsigned text. It's the payload which then get's signed and/or encrypted. Wikipedia defines plaintext as: " In cryptography, plaintext is information a sender wishes to transmit to a receiver. Cleartext is often used as a synonym. Before the computer era, plaintext most commonly meant message text in the language of the communicating parties. Plaintext has reference to the operation of cryptographic algorithms, usually encryption algorithms, and is …

Oracle: Resize Instance

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-01T20:38:48+00:00

Oracle: Resize Instance In this example, the SGA will be resized to 6GB and the PGA to 2GB. First, change the SPFile: ALTER SYSTEM SET pga_aggregate_target = 2G SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET sga_target = 6G SCOPE=SPFILE; Then, (optionally) export the SPFile to a PFile:

jps - Java Virtual Machine Process Status Tool

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-02-19T14:05:55+00:00

jps - Java Virtual Machine Process Status Tool The Java Virtual Machine has a jps tool wich is a bit like the ps command. jps lists all java Processes of a user. You can find the man page at . I'm using it with the parameters -l (long listing) and -m

AirPort Command Line Interface

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-25T08:50:59+00:00

AirPort Command Line Interface AirPort On/Off Infos from OS X Daily AirPort On networksetup -setairportpower airport on AirPort Off networksetup -setairportpower airport off Select AirPort Network networksetup -setairportnetwork {Network} AirPort mac osx device wlan cli shell script sysadmin

exiftool

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-09-26T19:25:34+00:00

exiftool Rename Photos Try it first with -testname: exiftool -d %Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S%%-c.%%e "-testname

Print Information about a Signature

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-01-29T09:15:04+00:00

Print Information about a Signature openssl pkcs7 -in signature.p7s -text -inform DER -print_certs -noout cryptography howto openssl security

Set a Mac's Hostname

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-25T08:53:23+00:00

Set a Mac's Hostname To set the permanent hostname, use the scutil utility (enter the desired hostname instead of the_hostname): sudo scutil --set HostName the_hostname Credits * mac osx cli sysadmin

Make your Mac feel at Home

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-25T08:53:11+00:00

Make your Mac feel at Home A small snippet from one of my scripts which tests whether your Mac is in the given (home) WLAN. # # Path to 'airport' executeable, as of Mac OS X 10.5. AIRPORT="/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport" # # Set this to your Home WLAN SSID (name): HOMESSID="mycastle" # # Get SSID info from 'airport' and search for $HOMESSID SSID=$(${AIRPORT} --getinfo | grep ' SSID:') SSID=$(echo ${SSID} | grep "^SSID: ${HOMESSID}\$")…

Oracle: SQLplus Scripting

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-01T20:30:32+00:00

Oracle: SQLplus Scripting To show only data in SQLplus and no header or other stuff, enter the following: SET NEWPAGE 0 SET SPACE 0 SET LINESIZE 80 SET PAGESIZE 0 SET ECHO OFF SET FEEDBACK OFF SET VERIFY OFF SET HEADING OFF SET MARKUP HTML OFF SPOOL OFF

pargs for Linux

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-04-28T09:01:02+00:00

pargs for Linux If you miss pargs from Solaris, then try this: ps eww -p linux sysadmin cli

Install the Java-Plugin for Firefox

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-09-05T12:12:53+00:00

Install the Java-Plugin for Firefox To install the Java plugin for Firefox, you have to create a symlink from Firefox's plugin directory /usr/lib/firefox-addons/plugins/ to the file libnpjp2.so in the JRE's “lib” dir. sudo ln -s \ ${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so \ /usr/lib/firefox-addons/plugins/libnpjp2.so

Disable Core Dumps

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2014-05-16T06:36:00+00:00

Disable Core Dumps To disable core dumps create a file /etc/security/limits.d/no_core_dumps with the content * hard core 0: echo '* hard core 0' > /etc/security/limits.d/no_core_dumps Based on the “Nix Craft” article Linux Disable Core Dumps. linux sysadmin admin config

Cursor Size

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2016-07-12T09:43:10+00:00

Cursor Size To change the mouse cursor size in GNOME, use this command. Substitute the value 32 with your prefered size. gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface cursor-size 32 desktop gnome linux mouse cursor settings

Comapct Sparse Image

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2015-11-25T08:52:05+00:00

Comapct Sparse Image hdiutil compact your.sparseimage sysadmin cli apple mac osx

Oracle: EXP

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-03-01T20:40:57+00:00

Oracle: EXP Export all Objects from an Account Enter the account name insteand of {user}. exp USERID=\'/ as sysdba\' FILE={user}.dmp FULL=N OWNER={user} admin exp oracle

CSS - Cascading Stylesheets

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2013-07-11T06:43:48+00:00

CSS - Cascading Stylesheets Pages css index Links German CSS Reference Links: * SELFHTML - CSS Kurzreferenz: im DEV Netz de.selfhtml.org * CSS 4 you - CSS-Referenz: www.css4you.de More CSS Bookmarks: webdesign css