list requested ports:

port echo requested | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | uniq

list installed ports:

port -qv installed

When ports are updated, the old port is only deactivated, not uninstalled. You can see a list of all installed ports:

port echo installed

After you run MacPorts for a while, you will see a lot of duplicate ports. You can clean these:

sudo port uninstall inactive